Recent Publications

Weathering the Storm: Recent Court Decision Exposes the Reach of a Corporate Family’s Financial Distress to its Bankruptcy-Remote Special Purpose Entities and Their Lenders

In the recent heyday of real estate and structured finance, the use of “bankruptcy-remote” special purpose entities (SPEs) as borrowers was a fundamental underwriting requirement by lenders in many loans, and a critical factor considered by ratings agencies, to shield lenders and their collateral from the potentially adverse impact of bankruptcy filings by their borrowers’ parents and siblings. >>

Weathering the Storm: Great Deals Now Available in Bankruptcy Court

Whether you are interested in purchasing assets or a going concern, bankruptcy court can be a land of opportunity. Assets may be sold by a trustee, or someone the trustee retains, in a Chapter 7 liquidation, or by a Debtor-in-Possession (a “DIP”) in a Chapter 11 reorganization case. In either case, you should expect a competitive bidding process. >>



Sarah B. Foster

Partner

Austin


600 Congress Avenue
Suite 1300
Austin, Texas 78701
T +1 512.867.8412
F +1 512.867.8612

Areas of Practice

Education

  • J.D., University of Texas School of Law, 1985, with honors, Teaching Quizmaster, Legal Research Board
  • M.A., History, University of Texas, 1976
  • B.A., English, University of Texas, 1974

Bar Admissions

  • Texas, 1986

Court Admissions

  • U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
  • U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas
  • U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas
  • U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas
  • U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas

Sarah Foster has more than 20 years experience in representing all types of parties in business bankruptcy cases, including debtors, secured and unsecured creditors, bondholders' and investors' committees and purchasers. She represented the bondholders committee in the first Chapter 9 case in the Western District of Texas. Ms. Foster has particular experience in airline issues, health care insolvency issues, bankruptcy jurisdictional issues, and in plan drafting. In addition, Ms. Foster is certified by the International Association of Privacy Professionals as an Information Privacy Professional.

Ms. Foster has represented:

  • Schlotzsky's, Inc., a fast casual franchise restaurant chain, in the sale of its franchise system through bankruptcy.

  • Atlas Air, Inc. and Polar Air Cargo, Inc., international air cargo airlines, in their successful restructuring, through Chapter 11, of over $2 billion in aircraft financing debt.

  • Echostar in its acquisition of certain assets of World Satellite Network.

  • Kitty Hawk Cargo, Inc., a domestic air cargo carrier, in its successful reorganization in the face of the domestic economic downturn in 2001, significant declines in the value of its fleet of Boeing 727 aircraft, and the aftermath of September 11, 2001.

  • The Investors' Committee of three failed hedge funds in an investigation of the funds' derivatives transactions.

  • HealthVest, a real estate investment trust, as the largest secured and unsecured creditor of Healthcare International, a public chain of psychiatric and rehabilitation hospitals. Defended litigation seeking to unwind over $200 million in sale-leaseback transactions. Proposed and confirmed reorganization plan transferring ownership of the debtors to HealthVest.

  • SpectraVision, the largest provider of in-room video entertainment to the hotel industry, in a reorganization effort complicated by a critical contract that no longer made business sense. Worked with financial advisors and Creditors' Committee to consummate sale that yielded a significant return to creditors.

  • Winn's Stores, Inc., a chain of over 200 retail variety and crafts stores, in an orderly liquidation through bankruptcy. Assisted the Liquidating Trustee in overcoming environmental impediments to sale of real estate assets.

  • Affiliated Food Stores, Inc., a wholesale food cooperative, in an initially successful reorganization followed by an orderly liquidation caused, in large part, by the cost burdens of a large warehouse facility with acres of refrigerated space.

  • Chapter 7 Trustee in pursuing litigation claims against an individual debtor that resulted in a significant settlement for creditors.

Selected Publications

  • And the Knee Bone's Connected to the Thigh Bone - Health Care Basics for Bankruptcy Lawyers
  • Norton Bankruptcy Law and Practice 2d §157, William Norton, Jr., (Contributing Editor on health care issues).
  • Healthcare Insolvency Manual, American Bankruptcy Institute 1997 (Contributing author on Acquisition of Financially Distressed Health Care Providers)
  • "Your Case or Mine? Real Parties in Interest in Partnership and Franchise Bankruptcies," State Bar of Texas Advanced Bankruptcy Strategies and Tactics Course (1993), Robin Phelan, Sarah Foster, Mark Mullin, and Michael Hood.
  • "Buying Assets From Financially-Distressed Companies," Sarah Foster, June 1994 Health Law Newsletter, State Bar of Texas Health Law Section.
  • "Let's Remake a Deal: Fraudulent Transfer Laws as a Tool for Restructuring Leveraged Buyouts," Sarah Foster and Robin Phelan, Practicing Law Institute Advanced Bankruptcy Workshop (1993).

Professional Recognition

  • Selected as one of the Best Lawyers in America - Bankruptcy and Creditor-Debtor Rights Law (2003-2010)
  • Selected for inclusion in Texas Super Lawyers - Bankruptcy and Creditor-Debtor Rights Law (2008-2009)

Selected Representative Experience


Debtor-in-Possession Financing - International Air Cargo Company
Represented a major international air cargo company in the negotiation, documentation and closing of debtor-in-possession financing and a subsequent exit working capital credit facility, in connection with its Chapter 11 Bankruptcy proceeding.

Debtor-in-Possession Representation - Schlotsky's
Our firm served as counsel to Schlotzsky’s in its Chapter 11 case. Schlotzsky’s was the owner and operator of 36 company owned restaurants and franchised 500 additional units in the United States and 7 foreign countries.

Debtor Representation - Kitty Hawk, Inc.
Represented the debtor-in-possession, a publicly held non-integrated air cargo airline, in its tumultuous Chapter 11 proceedings in Fort Worth, Texas. The case involved the restructuring of $340 million of public bond debt as well as hundreds of millions of bank debt and trade debt.

Debt Restructure and Collections
Represented Southwest Savings Association, Bonnet Resources, Amresco, and Sunbelt Savings Association in connection with the collection of hundreds of loans including, real property foreclosures, personal property foreclosures, litigation, demands for payment, restructurings, and bankruptcies. These loans covered all industries and involved many novel factual and legal issues.

Debtor Representation - SpectraVision
Represented SpectraVision in its Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Our attorneys worked closely with our client’s financial advisor to conduct a controlled blind auction resulting in a merger of SpectraVision with its largest competitor. The auction netted SpectraVision’s unsecured creditors stock and warrants for nearly 30% of the surviving entity with an equity value of more than $650 million.

Healthcare International
Represented HealthVest, a real estate investment trust, as the largest secured creditor of a public chain of psychiatric and rehabilitation hospitals, in which our attorneys defended litigation seeking to unwind over $200 million in sale-leaseback transactions, and in which we ultimately proposed and obtained confirmation of a plan transferring ownership of the debtors to HealthVest.

Chapter 11 - CompuAdd Corporation
Served as co-counsel to the Unsecured Creditors’ Committee in the reorganization of this computer manufacturer/retailer that was once a competitor of Dell, Inc.

In re Healthcare International Inc. and Affiliated, Debtors
Representing HealthVest, the largest secured and unsecured creditor of Healthcare International, Inc., a chain of psychiatric and rehabilitation hospitals, we successfully defended litigation attempting to set aside our client’s liens and confirmed reorganization plans for the Debtor and its affiliates that transferred Debtors’ assets to HealthVest.

Chapter 11 - Winn’s Stores, Inc.
Represented Debtor, Winn’s Stores, Inc. in sale and liquidation of a chain of 236 retail variety and craft stores.  Assisted Liquidating Trustee in overcoming environmental impediments to sale of real estate assets.

Chapter 11 - Jiffy Lube Franchisee Heartland Automotive
Represent Jiffy Lube International, Inc. in the Chapter 11 proceedings of its largest franchisee, Heartland Automotive Holdings, Inc., in Fort Worth, Texas. The debtor operates over 400 franchised Jiffy Lube service centers across the nation, raising complex issues regarding franchise agreements, non-residential real property leases, and franchisee relations.

Chapter 11 Representation - ASARCO LLC
Represent the corporate parent of ASARCO LLC, a copper miner and smelter which filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in Corpus Christi, Texas with approximately $10 billion in claims. Following Chapter 11 filing, ASARCO filed a fraudulent transfer action against Americas Mining Corp., seeking recovery of several billion dollars.

Fruehauf Trailer Corporation
Represented the bondholders committee in the Chapter 11 case of this major truck trailer manufacturer.

$1.4+ Billion Loan Restructuring - Spectrum Brands, Inc.
Represents the administrative agent in connection with the restructuring of the term loans provided to a global multi-product conglomerate company, including the collateralization thereof and the coordination with the other creditor constituencies in the Chapter 11 bankruptcy case.

Memberships

  • American Bankruptcy Institute (Past-Chair of Health Care Insolvency Committee)
  • Travis County Bar Association (Bankruptcy Section - Former Chair)
  • State Bar of Texas

Online Publications

02/23/2010 - Weathering the Storm: The FDIC’s Authority to Repudiate Contracts
The current economic climate has led to a dramatic increase in bank failures over the past few years. In 2009 alone, 140 banks failed, compared to 26 bank failures in 2008 and only 3 bank failures in 2007. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) recently announced that it has 702 banks on its “Problem List” as of December 31, 2009, up 27 percent from 552 banks on September 30, 2009. This acute trend has heightened the awareness and interest in the role of the FDIC as receiver of a failed bank.

02/08/2010 - Weathering the Storm: Conditions Precedent in Term Sheets Matter
In a decision that is not surprising, but that should be welcomed by lenders (but perhaps not by borrowers), the Appellate Division of the New York Supreme Court held in Amcan Holdings, Inc., et al. vs. Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, et al., Case No. 603393/07, that a detailed, executed term sheet was not a binding contract to lend.

12/22/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Insurance Coverage and Insolvency: Maximizing Recovery In Bankruptcy
While memorable for many things, 2009 may long be remembered as a year of record corporate insolvency. Now more than ever, it is crucial that debtors, creditors, trustees, and, indeed, anyone with an interest in maximizing the financial resources on hand to satisfy debts, understand (1) what coverage may potentially be available; and (2) how to gain access to and maximize this important financial resource.

Weathering the Storm: Charter Communications Decision Allows Reinstatement of Debt
Many companies secured their financing several years ago when the credit market featured advantageous pricing and loose loan covenants. Because these favorable terms would be impossible for borrowers to obtain in today’s lending environment, many viable companies with highly leveraged capital structures are looking for strategies to restructure debt. Charter Communications (“Charter”), the country’s fourth largest cable television company, took a gamble during, arguably, the most challenging period in the modern era of global corporate finance.  See how the company's bold moves paid off. 

10/21/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Savings Clauses: Fraudulent Transfer Issues in the TOUSA Bankruptcy Case
The judge's ruling in the October 13, 2009 TOUSA, Inc. bankruptcy cases raises a number of troubling issues for commercial lenders, including but not limited to, the judge calling into question the enforceability of fraudulent conveyance “savings clauses,” common in commercial loan agreements.

08/25/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Recent Court Decision Exposes the Reach of a Corporate Family’s Financial Distress to its Bankruptcy-Remote Special Purpose Entities and Their Lenders
In the recent heyday of real estate and structured finance, the use of “bankruptcy-remote” special purpose entities (SPEs) as borrowers was a fundamental underwriting requirement by lenders in many loans, and a critical factor considered by ratings agencies, to shield lenders and their collateral from the potentially adverse impact of bankruptcy filings by their borrowers’ parents and siblings.

07/20/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Fiduciary Duties of Officers and Directors in Troubled Company Situations
Directors and officers managing corporations, especially when the corporation is insolvent or operating in insolvency situations, need to be cognizant of their fiduciary duties. This alert provides a brief overview of these fiduciary duties, including practical considerations in the exercise of these duties.

07/01/2009 - Weathering the Storm: The Appointment of an Examiner
With the economic crisis leading to the failure of many businesses, bankruptcy cases are on the rise. In many of the cases grabbing headlines, such as Lehman Brothers, Nellson Nutraceutical, New Century and SemCrude, courts have shown a willingness to appoint examiners to investigate, report on and make recommendations regarding possible issues of mismanagement, fraud or other improprieties relating to the affairs of the debtor or its former or current management.

06/25/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Top 10 Practical Things to Know about Bankruptcy
Bankruptcy is a highly specialized legal practice area that can be difficult for the non-lawyer to navigate. Bankruptcy can also present many traps for the unwary. A bankruptcy or distressed financial situation will in most cases materially affect a company’s key relationships, customers, suppliers and business partners. All company decision makers need an understanding of how to react to protect their organization’s interests. Here are ten practical considerations to recognize in this distressed environment.

06/19/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Options to Remove Liabilities for High Retiree Medical Costs from a Company’s Balance Sheet: VEBAs
High legacy costs for retiree medical benefits, along with Financial Accounting Standards Board Standard No. 158, which requires balance sheet recognition of such liability, has forced many companies to face the true size of the retiree medical obligations and to consider ways to reduce or limit costs.

06/12/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Look Out Lenders—Collecting Fees For Loaning Money May Be Considered Evil
In a recent case, a Bankruptcy Court in Montana equitably subordinated a pre-bankruptcy secured lender’s first lien claims to the claims of the DIP lender and the unsecured creditors even though the lender did not owe any fiduciary duties to the debtor or any of the debtor’s potential creditors.

05/27/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Retiree Benefits and Section 1114
Retiree benefits are often a central issue in bankruptcy cases. For many employers the high cost of retiree medical benefits has been a significant contributing factor to the Chapter 11 filing and a matter of ongoing concern if the debtor is to be able to successfully reorganize. Understandably, employees, retirees and unions are equally concerned about the status of retiree benefits. This alert discusses Section 1114 of the Bankruptcy Code.

05/21/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Are Your Deposits Insured?
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) is celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, and due to the economic downturn, 2009 will pose a substantial challenge to the FDIC. FDIC Chairman Sheila C. Bair said in a recent speech that “No one has ever lost a penny of an insured deposit.” President Obama stated during his first address to a joint session of Congress, “You should also know that the money you’ve deposited in banks across the country is safe; your insurance is secure; you can rely on the continued operation of our financial system. That is not a source of concern.” These two quotes help set the tone that the Government stands behind the security of “insured” deposits.

05/13/2009 - Weathering the Storm: When is a Good Deal a Fraudulent Transfer?
Just as holiday sale prices this year were tantalizingly low, the current economic environment is creating a buyer’s market for commercial assets with extremely attractive pricing. A word of caution: a deal just might be too good. It might be successfully challenged as a fraudulent transfer, leaving the bargain buyer without the assets and nothing but an unsecured claim against an insolvent seller. A sophisticated buyer needs to know the ground rules.

05/07/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Modifying Your Company’s Debt: Tax Trap or Treasure?
Debtors increasingly are requesting that their creditors modify the terms of their debts because of difficulty or inability to service their debts in accordance with the debts’ existing terms. Faced with the prospect of debtor defaults and having to foreclose on property securing their loans causing the accrual of financial losses, creditors, too, often have an incentive to restructure debt to maximize their returns.

04/30/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Recent Decision Creates Additional Cash Requirements to Reorganize
On April 8, 2009, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals issued a ruling that creates an additional hurdle for companies providing single-employer pension funds when seeking to reorganize through a bankruptcy. In general, the termination of a pension plan can give rise to a per-employee termination premium (a “Termination Premium”) owed by the company terminating the plan to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (“PBGC”), the quasi-governmental entity that insures pension plans.

04/23/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Recent Decision Affects Setoff Under Netting Agreements
Companies that engage in multiple transactions with different entities of related groups often enter into contractual netting agreements that allow the setoff of obligations between entities within the groups. The effectiveness of these agreements has been called into question by a recent decision of a bankruptcy court in Delaware, which refused to allow a party to a contractual netting agreement to offset its obligations to the debtors against obligations of the debtors under the netting agreement. Parties to such netting agreements may have to reconsider how to structure such agreements and how to defend their effectiveness in court.

04/15/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Great Deals Now Available in Bankruptcy Court
Whether you are interested in purchasing assets or a going concern, bankruptcy court can be a land of opportunity. Assets may be sold by a trustee, or someone the trustee retains, in a Chapter 7 liquidation, or by a Debtor-in-Possession (a “DIP”) in a Chapter 11 reorganization case. In either case, you should expect a competitive bidding process.

04/09/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Terminations, Uncertainty, and Strategies to Reduce Workplace Liability
In the current economic state, many employers are seeking to reduce operating costs. More employees are being let go as corporate layoffs have accelerated and workers are looking to complain that they have been unfairly or improperly dismissed. The Obama administration has publicly announced that it will be more aggressive in enforcing employment laws.

04/01/2009 - Weathering the Storm: Bankruptcy - Pay Attention from the Start Because Things Happen Fast
When a company files bankruptcy, it is crucial to closely monitor the bankruptcy proceedings from the beginning. After filing its petition, the debtor will likely file numerous “first day motions” intended to stabilize the Debtor’s business and facilitate an efficient case administration. These motions can severely affect the rights of unwary creditors who may find their interests primed by the actions of the debtor in the first few days of the case.

04/12/2007 - Supreme Court Holding Allows Bankruptcy Proofs of Claim to be Amended to Recover Attorneys' Fees
On March 20, 2007, the United States Supreme Court issued a unanimous opinion in Travelers Casualty & Surety Co. of America v. Pacific Gas & Electric Co., No. 05-1429, 2007 WL 816795 (March 20, 2007), holding that a creditor may supplement its unsecured claim in a bankruptcy case to recover contract-based attorneys’ fees incurred during the bankruptcy case through the litigation of bankruptcy law matters.

And the Knee Bone's Connected to the Thigh Bone - Health Care Basics for Bankruptcy Lawyers